J World Syst Research 9: World Development Indicators. World Bank: Washington D. Guidebook to the National Footprint Accounts: Edition. Global Footprint Network, Oakland. Soc Force Soc Sci Q Annu Rev Sociol Evidence from Heterogeneous Panel Causality Tests.
Appl Econ Lett P IEEE Econometrica Global Environ Chang J Appl Econometrics AIMS Energy. Download XML. Export Citation. Article outline. Show full outline. Figures and Tables Tables 7. How the Footprint Works. On the demand side, the Ecological Footprint adds up all the productive areas for which a population, a person or a product competes. It measures the ecological assets that a given population or product requires to produce the natural resources it consumes including plant-based food and fiber products, livestock and fish products, timber and other forest products, space for urban infrastructure and to absorb its waste, especially carbon emissions.
The Ecological Footprint tracks the use of productive surface areas. Typically these areas are: cropland, grazing land, fishing grounds, built-up land, forest area, and carbon demand on land. These areas, especially if left unharvested, can also serve to absorb the waste we generate, especially our carbon emissions from burning fossil fuel. Both the Ecological Footprint and biocapacity are expressed in global hectares —globally comparable, standardized hectares with world average productivity.
Conceived in by Mathis Wackernagel and William Rees at the University of British Columbia, the Ecological Footprint launched the broader Footprint movement , including the carbon Footprint, and is now widely used by scientists, businesses, governments, individuals, and institutions working to monitor ecological resource use and advance sustainable development. The most prominent calculations are those produced for countries.
We call those the National Footprint and Biocapacity Accounts. Can anyone think of some historic or even modern environment or climate change debates? What was the goal of the Green Revolution? What was the purpose of the first Earth Day event on April 22, ? Who organized the first and second Earth Days? What animal is the mascot of the World Wildlife Fund? If DDT was banned in the s, why is it still an environmental concern today? What are the concerns of the environmental justice movement?
The ecological footprint indicates how many hectares of forest, pasture, farmland and marine land are needed to renew the resources consumed and absorb the waste products produced. It enables us to compare the effects of our current consumption with the earth's available resources.
The consumer behaviour of the world's population is currently causing a total deficit, which means that mankind would need 1. The footprints of most Western European countries are usually above average, and an overview can be found on the map of the Global Footprint Network.
The ecological footprint can be calculated at all levels, be it for selected activities, individuals, companies, communities, cities or countries.
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